Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis

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Viral disease
Viral disease Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis

Overview

Etiology

Viral disease

Host Species

Buffalo, Cattle, Deer, Goat, Mule, Pig

Clinical Signs

Pyrexia

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Rhinitis

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Laryngitis

Tracheitis

Nasal discharge

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Ocular discharge

Conjunctivitis

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Keratoconjunctivitis

Photophobia

Cough

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Tachypnea

Hypersalivation

Open-mouth breathing

Bronchopneumonia

Nasal mucosal hyperemia

Nasal mucosal edema

Hemorrhagic nasal necrosis

Diarrhea

Abortion

Retained placenta

Endometritis

Poor conception rate

Short estrus

Anorexia

Oral erosion

Encephalitis

Incoordination

Excitement

Convulsion

Blindness

Vulvovaginitis

Frequent urination

Vulvar swelling

Vaginal pustule

Milk production decrease

Balanoposthitis

Preputial swelling

Orchitis

Diagnosis

Virus isolation

Immunofluorescence test

Virus neutralization test

ELISA

Complement fixation test

Passive hemagglutination assay

Agar gel immunodiffusion

Indirect fluorescent antibody test

Histopathology

Treatment

Supportive nursing care

Broad-spectrum antibiotics

Mild antiseptic application

Topical antibiotic ointment

Prevention & Control

Isolation

Disinfection

Artificial insemination control

Vaccination

Annual revaccination

Management improvement

Hygienic precautions

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