Nasal discharge
Required
Tachypnea
Rhinitis
Pathognomonic
Laryngitis
Tracheitis
Cough
Required
Open-mouth breathing
Specific
Bronchopneumonia
Specific
Nasal mucosal hyperemia
Specific
Nasal mucosal edema
Hemorrhagic nasal necrosis
Specific
Digestive
Hypersalivation
Oral erosion
Specific
Diarrhea
Reproductive
Abortion
Specific
Infertility
Milk production decrease
Retained placenta
Endometritis
Short estrus
Vulvovaginitis
Specific
Vulvar swelling
Vaginal pustule
Specific
Balanoposthitis
Specific
Preputial swelling
Orchitis
Ophthalmic
Blindness
Ocular discharge
Conjunctivitis
Pathognomonic
Keratoconjunctivitis
Specific
Photophobia
Neurologic
Encephalitis
Specific
Incoordination
Convulsion
General Systemic Signs
Excitement
Urinary
Frequent urination
Diagnosis
Virus isolation
Immunofluorescence test
Virus neutralization test
ELISA
Complement fixation test
Passive hemagglutination assay
Agar gel immunodiffusion
Indirect fluorescent antibody test
Histopathology
Treatment
Supportive nursing care
Broad-spectrum antibiotics
Mild antiseptic application
Topical antibiotic ointment
Prevention & Control
Isolation
Disinfection
Artificial insemination control
Vaccination
Annual revaccination
Management improvement
Hygienic precautions
Related Products
No related products found.
Active Ingredients
No active ingredients found.
Host Species
CattlePrimary hostSusceptibility: High
BuffaloPrimary hostSusceptibility: High
PigSusceptibility: Moderate
GoatSusceptibility: Moderate
DeerSusceptibility: Moderate
MuleSusceptibility: Low
Associated Microorganisms
No information available.
Classification
EtiologyViral disease
TransmissibilityHigh
InfectiousnessModerately infectious
Occurrence Patterns
Endemic
Disease Courses
Acute
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